The video menu at Dialogue Cafe teaches hearing people how to order a drink using sign language. The video menu at Dialogue Cafe teaches hearing people how to order a drink using sign language. 'Coffee is just the excuse': the deaf-run cafe where hearing people sign to order W esley Hartwell raised his fists to the barista and shook them next to his ears. He then lowered his fists, extended his thumbs and little fingers, and moved them up and down by his chest, as though milking a cow. Finally, he laid the fingers of one hand flat on his chin and flexed his wrist forward.

Non-manual signals in sign languages continue to be a challenge for signing avatars. More specifically, emotional content has been difficult to incorporate because of a lack of a standard method of specifying the avatar's emotional state. This paper explores the application of an intuitive two-parameter representation for emotive non-manual signals to the Paula signing avatar that shows promise for facilitating the linguistic specification of emotional facial expressions in a more coherent manner than previous methods. Users can apply these parameters to control Paula's emotional expressions through a textual representation called the EASIER notation. The representation can allow avatars to express more nuanced emotional states using two numerical parameters. It also has the potential to enable more consistent specification of emotional non-manual signals in linguistic annotations which drive signing avatars.

The Sign Language Translation and Avatar Technology (SLTAT) workshops continue a series of gatherings to share recent advances in improving deaf / human communication through non-invasive means. This 2025 edition, the 9th since its first appearance in 2011, is hosted by the International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents (IVA), giving the opportunity for contamination between two research communities, using digital humans as either virtual interpreters or as interactive conversational agents. As presented in this summary paper, SLTAT sees contributions beyond avatar technologies, with a consistent number of submissions on sign language recognition, and other work on data collection, data analysis, tools, ethics, usability, and affective computing.

In the era of AI-driven language technologies, there is a growing demand for the participation and leadership of deaf communities in sign language technology development, often framed as co-creation. This paper, developed through collaborative and iterative dialogue between the authors with data from informal participant observations, examines the involvement of the European Union of the Deaf in two EU Horizon 2020 projects, EASIER and SignON. These projects aimed to develop mobile translation applications between signed and spoken languages, bringing together predominantly hearing, non-signing technology experts with predominantly hearing sign language academics and organizations representing deaf end users in large multi-partner consortia. While co-creation is sometimes presented as the best or required way to do research or even as emancipatory, it frequently masks systemic issues of power imbalances and tokenism. Drawing from EUD's experiences of these projects, we highlight several inconvenient truths of co-creation, and propose seven lessons for future initiatives: recognizing deaf partners' invisible labour as work, managing expectations about technologies, cripping co-creation processes, exploring alternative methods to mitigate co-creation fatigue, seeking intersectional feedback, ensuring co-creation is not just virtue signalling, and fostering deaf leadership in AI sign language research. We argue for co-creation as a transformative activity that fundamentally alters the status quo and levels the playing field. This necessitates increasing the number of deaf researchers and enhancing AI literacy among deaf communities. Without these critical transformative actions, co-creation risks merely paying lip service to deaf communities.

VarsityGenie will be hosting its first sign-language webinar to uplift the deaf community through technology-based skills on 14 October via Microsoft Teams. The student leadership platform was established by the 26-year-old Durban University of Technology (DUT) information and communication technology (ICT) masters student Fanie Ndlovu, who is passionate about developing the skills of young people in communities and townships. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO) there are 466 million people across the world that live with disabling hearing loss, which equates to more than 5% of the world's population. WHO also estimated that by 2050, more than 900 million people will have disabling hearing loss. Majority of these individuals live in low- to middle-income countries where they do not have access to the appropriate hearing care services.